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中本聪 · 2010 年 7 月 8 日

SN-0903 已核对来源,附原文与上下文。

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很难想象互联网会被分割得密不透风。那得是一个国家刻意地、彻底地把自己与世界其他地方隔绝开来。

It's hard to imagine the Internet getting segmented airtight. It would have to be a country deliberately and totally cutting itself off from the rest of the world.

任何能同时接入两侧的节点都会自动把区块链流过去,比如有人用拨号调制解调器或卫星电话绕过封锁。只需要一个节点就能做到。任何想继续做生意的人都有动力这么做。

Any node with access to both sides would automatically flow the block chain over, such as someone getting around the blockade with a dial-up modem or sat-phone. It would only take one node to do it. Anyone who wants to keep doing business would be motivated.

如果网络被分割后又重新合并,较短分叉里那些不在较长分叉中的交易会被重新放回交易池,有资格进入未来的区块。它们的确认数将从头开始。

If the network is segmented and then recombines, any transactions in the shorter fork that were not also in the longer fork are released into the transaction pool again and are eligible to get into future blocks. Their number of confirmations would start over.

如果有人利用网络分裂进行双重支出,让同一笔钱在两边分别被花掉,那么较短分叉上的那笔交易会失效,回到“0 次确认/未确认”状态,并一直保持在那里。

If anyone took advantage of the segmentation to double-spend, such that there are different spends of the same money on each side, then the double-spends in the shorter fork lose out and go to 0/unconfirmed and stay that way.

想利用分割来双重支出并不容易。如果一侧无法与另一侧通信,你要怎么把花费分别放到两侧?如果有办法,那很可能别人也在用同样的办法把区块链流过去。

It wouldn't be easy to take advantage of the segmentation to double-spend. If it's impossible to communicate from one side to the other, how are you going to put a spend on each side? If there is a way, then probably someone else is also using it to flow the block chain over.

你通常能知道自己是不是在较小的一侧。比如,如果你的国家把自己与世界隔绝,世界其他地方就是较大的一侧。如果你在较小的一侧,就应假设什么都没有被确认。

You would usually know whether you're in the smaller segment. For example, if your country cuts itself off from the rest of the world, the rest of the world is the larger segment. If you're in the smaller segment, you should assume nothing is confirmed.

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